Lymphocyte Surface Markers
Clinical Background:
Lymphocyte surface markers (subsets) are used primarily in the diagnosis and monitoring of immunodeficiency post treatment (e.g. HSCT) and monitoring of immunotherapeutic agent treatment, such as r...
Lymphocyte surface markers (subsets) are used primarily in the diagnosis and monitoring of immunodeficiency post treatment (e.g. HSCT) and monitoring of immunotherapeutic agent treatment, such as rituximab.
Abnormal results may also be seen in lymphoma, malignancy, chronic fatigue syndrome and protein-losing enteropathy. Long term immunosuppression can also lead to a generalised reduction in all subsets.
If primary immunodeficiency (PID) is suspected, please discuss with the appropriate Immunologist (adult or paediatric). SCID is profound deficiency of T and/or B cells, which although rare, is fatal if untreated.
The test uses flow cytometry to measure percentages and absolute numbers of lymphocytes, CD3+ T cells, CD4+ cells, CD8+ cells, B cells and NK cells.
Test Details
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Discipline:
Immunology
Immunology
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Specimen Container Adult:
Whole blood-EDTA
Whole blood-EDTA
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Specimen Container Paediatric:
Whole blood-EDTA
Whole blood-EDTA
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Minimum Volume Adult:
4 ml
4 ml
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Minimum Volume Paediatric:
0.5 ml
0.5 ml
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Special Requirement:
Samples must always be stored at room temperature and must reach lab by 3pm on Friday.
A FBC taken at the same time (separate sample) is desirable for QC purposes.
Samples must always be stored at room temperature and must reach lab by 3pm on Friday.
A FBC taken at the same time (separate sample) is desirable for QC purposes.
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Freq Analysis:
Daily
Daily
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Add On Test:
Use the contact details below to discuss if an add-on is required
Use the contact details below to discuss if an add-on is required
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Reference Ranges:
Reference ranges:
Age range CD3+ T cells CD19+ B cells CD4+ T cells CD8+ T cells CD16/CD56+ NK cells CD4/CD8 Ratio Neonatal (cells/ul) 600 - 5000 40 - 1100 400 - 3500 200 - 1900 100 - 1... Read MoreReference ranges:
Age range CD3+ T cells CD19+ B cells CD4+ T cells CD8+ T cells CD16/CD56+ NK cells CD4/CD8 Ratio Neonatal (cells/ul) 600 - 5000 40 - 1100 400 - 3500 200 - 1900 100 - 1900 1.0 - 2.6 1 wk - 9 months (cells/ul) 2300 - 7000 600 - 3000 1400 - 5300 400 - 2200 100 - 1400 1.3 - 6.3 9 - 24 months (cells/ul) 1400 - 8000 600 - 3100 900 - 5500 400 - 2300 100 - 1400 0.9 - 3.9 2 - 5 years (cells/ul) 900 - 4500 200 - 2100 500 - 2400 300 - 1600 100 - 1000 0.9 - 2.9 5 - 10 years (cells/ul) 700 - 4200 200 - 1600 300 - 2000 300 - 1800 90 - 900 0.9 - 2.6 10 - 16 years (cells/ul) 800 - 3500 200 - 600 400 - 2100 200 - 1200 70 - 1200 0.9 - 3.4 Adult (cells/ul) 690 - 2540 90 - 660 410 - 1590 190 - 1140 90 - 590 1.0 - 3.6 -
Other Info:
Additional markers may be required and added on depending on clinical details and results.
Standard lymphocyte subsets
T, B, NK, CD4, CD8 cells and HLA DR
CD4 monitoring
T, CD4, CD8 cel...
Read MoreAdditional markers may be required and added on depending on clinical details and results.
Standard lymphocyte subsets
T, B, NK, CD4, CD8 cells and HLA DR
CD4 monitoring
T, CD4, CD8 cells
A low CD4 count is not diagnostic of HIV as can also be seen in PID, viral and bacterial infections, lupus and steroid therapy.
B cell monitoring post rituximab
T, B, NK cells
HLA DR
Useful marker of activation and
MHC Class II deficiency (usually low CD4)
Naïve T cells
Naïve CD4, Naïve CD8 and Effector CD8 cells
T cell receptor
Gamma/delta T cells can be increased in infection, autoimmunity, PID and lymphoma
Regulatory T cells (Tregs)
Detects cells that are CD4+CD25+CD127low
Double negative T cells
CD3+CD4-CD8-αβ+ T cells seen in ALPS but also other inflammatory and immune dysregulation problems.
CD11a panel
CD18, CD11a, CD11b, CD11c for LAD-1
and CD15 for LAD-2.
Suspected leucocyte adhesion molecule deficiency.
B cell phenotype
Naïve, memory and class-switched memory B cells.
Dendritic cell screen
Absence of DC and monocytes with B and NK cell deficiency caused by GATA-2 mutations.
MHC Class I
Bare lymphocyte syndrome
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Routine Contact Name:
Flow Cytometry Lab
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Routine Telephone:
0191 282 5078
0191 282 5078
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Routine Email: